Heating apparatus



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. F. EDGAR.

HEATING APPARATUS. v

No. 595,378. Patented Dec. 14, 1897.

INVENTOR (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2.

E. F. EDGAR. I v HEATING APPARATUS. N0. 595,378. Patented Dec. 14,1897.

1) w' JG L j K & W@==@ @W; a mm a ,2

WITNESSES Z I mus/non W J1 MQA= W ma PHUTO-LlTHU-, wnsmmou, o. L

UNITED STATES PATENT Enron.

ELLIS F. EDGAR, OF WOODBRIDGE, NEW JERSEY.

HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,378, dated December 14, 1897.

Application filed May 21, 1896. Serial No. 592,469. (No model.) A

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ELLIS F. EDGAR, a cit-izen of the United States of America, and a resident of Woodbridge, Middlesex county, New Jersey, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompaning drawings, forming part of the same, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of a cooking stove or range embodying my invention. Fig. 2 shows the fire-box of such a range with a modified form of apparatus;

- and Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, of a hot-air furnace embodying my invention, but showing a modification of the front grate or Wall. J

The invention relates to the burning of fuel by inclosing it between two Walls which are provided with draft-apertures and it consists in the form and arrangement of devices by which I accomplish the desired result, and I find that by means of the invention I can burn soft coal completely, can avoid the'smoke nuisance, keep a good hot fire while feeding, ar

range to broil in a very satisfactory manner, 1

and be able to leave the fire for along time in a state of extremely slow combustion and yet ready for a rapid return to a state of active operation. y

In the drawings, S is the stove, provided with a grate G, substantially similar to the ordinary grate, but (inthe form shown) set farther from the front than is usual.

W and W are two perforated walls inclosing the fire-space, front and back, resting, preferably, at the bottom on the grate-support and at the top against the front wall w and the covering-wall W or side supports, (not shown,) the wall W being provided at the top with air-passages a, which may be closed by a slide 3, movable sidewise,-so as to cover or uncover the air-passages a.

It will be noticed that the walls W and W incline at different angles, and the lower edges of said walls are therefore further separated than are the upper edges. At the upper part of the inclosed space is a door D for the introduction of fuel, and, as will be manifest, as the fuel burns away at the bottom it slides down in the fire-space, the divergence of the walls toward the bottom aiding in the easy accomplishment of that purpose. It will also be noticed that theperforationsp in the wall W are inclined downward and inward, which accomplishes two further purposesthe prevention of any accumulation of ash therein and also a more direct draft, as the gases do not naturally take an entirely horizontal direction, but tend upward-and if the perforations were in true horizontal lines there would be more friction in the passage of gas through the perforations thanwhen arranged as shown, that conforming more nearly to the natural direction.

The front wall is preferably made as a series of shutters 10 the inside edges in a vertical line with each other or inclined inward at the top to facilitate the feeding down of the fuel, and the respective members are set so as to incline inward to such a degree that the outer edge of one shall be as high or a little higher than the inner edge of the next, as seen at W Fig. 3. This prevents clogging the air-inlets by any accumulation of ash in them and also the lodgmcnt of pieces of coal which would interfere with the free downward feed of the fuel. I v

The grate G may be arranged to be removed and to be shaken in any of the well-known methods, or it may be rigid, if desired. When it is desired to delay combustion and permit the fire to merely smolder, the slide 3 over the fuel-space is opened, when the air finding ready passage through the uncovered openingswill not be drawn through the fuel to any considerable extent and active consumption of fuel will be suspended. I have found that with this arrangement a firemay be held substantially dormant for more than sixteen hours and yet in condition for a ready and immediate resumption of active operations upon the closing of the slide and a slight shaking to free the accumulated ash. This possibility is enhanced by arranging the slide to-move downward, as shown at s, Fig. 2, instead of crosswise, as in such event the slide may be readily placed so as to cover one or two of the upper rows of perforations p, when it is slid .down, thus cutting off the draft through the fuel at such points.

The. arrangement of two walls with air-passages, between which and the grate the fuel is held, enables the ready feeding of air to all parts of the fuel where ignition is desired and thus accomplishes a more complete as well as more economical consumption of the fuel than other arrangements, as a very hot fire may be produced with substantially no clinkering and therefore an avoidance of the waste attendant upon incomplete combustion or the use of smaller quantities of air, there being a limit to the quantity which can effectually and economically be introduced at one point, such as the grate.

The rear wall \V is usually made of heavy fire-clay and becomes intensely heated, and as one result I find that the space above itis peculiarly adapted for broiling, a thing hard to accomplish well in the ordinary range. In mine the heat is not accompanied by smoke from the fuel nor rising ash-dust, the heat is great and is even andalways ready,inasmuch as the introduction of fresh fuel does not interfere with the condition of the broiling-face of the fire, the fuel being introduced at the top of the fire-space through door D, while the broiling-face of the fire is that against wall \V, (or that wall itself,) and the fresh fuel does not fall upon such side face of the already-ignited fuel, but upon the top of the mass already inclosed between walls IV and IV.

The fact of its great heating power, its complete consumption of fuel, and its ready regulation makes the apparatus particularly useful in hot-air furnaces, such as shown in Fig. 3, as well as ranges and other forms of heating apparatus. 1

)Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In aheating apparatus, the combination of an inclosed firespace, bounded bya grate at the bottom, two walls front and back, one of which diverges from the other downward, the rear wall being provided with perforations, inclined upward and outward, leading from the fire-space into the draft-exit, the front wall being provided with air-inlets, and a covering wall provided with apertures, above the line of intended ignition, opening into the draft-space beyond the fire-space, together with a slide arranged to alternately cover and uncover said apertures in the covering-wall, all substantially as set forth.

2. In a heating apparatus, the combination of a fire-pot consisting of a grate (as G) a fireclay slab (as IV) inclined toward a front wall (as IV) and terminating near the top of the stove, leaving a space at or near the top between the two walls for the introduction of fuel, and apertures in the rear wall inclined in an opposite direction to the incline of the wall V, all substantially as set forth.

In a heating apparatus, the combination of a fire-pot consisting of a grate (as G) a wall (as W) with apertures through the same inclined as shown, a grate or wall (as IV) arranged substantially as shown and nearer the apertured wall than the height of said wall, whereby but a thin body of fuel can be accom modated between the front and rear walls, substantially as set forth.

4. In a heating apparatus, an inclosed firespace with inlets for the introduction of air (as apertured wall \V) outlets for the draft (as p) a wall apertured above the line of intended ignition (as a slide (as 3) arranged to alternately cover and uncover said apertures (as a) which open into the draft-space without the fire-space and an air-inlet (as that covered by D) leading into the fire-space above the line of intended ignition, all substantially as set forth.

5. In a heating apparatus, an inclosed firespace with inlets for the introduction of air (as apertured wall W) outlets for the draft (as p) a wall apertured above the line of intended ignition (as W a slide (as .9) arranged to alternately cover and uncover said apertures (as a) which open into the draft-space without the fire-space and an air-inlet (as that covered by D) leading into the fire-space above the line of intended ignition, and provided with means (as D) for closingit, all substantially as set forth.

6. In a heating apparatus, an inclosed firespace with inlets for the introduction of air (as apertured wall \V) outlets for the draft (as 19) a wall apertured above the line of intended ignition (as W a slide (as 3') arranged to alternately cover and uncover a portion of said outlets for the draft (as p) and at the same time alternately (but reversely uncover and cover the said apertures (as a which open into the draft-space without the fire-space and an air-inlet (as that covered by D) leading into the fire-space above the line of intended ignition, all substantially as set forth.

7. In a heating apparatus, an inclosed firespace with inlets for the introduction of air ICO (as apertured wall WV) outlets for the draft (as p) a wall apertured above the line of intended ignition (as IV a slide (as 5) arranged to alternately cover and uncover a portion of said outlets for the draft (as p) and at the same time alternately (but reversely) uncover and cover the said apertures (as a) which open into the draft-space without the fire-space and an air-inlet (as that covered by D) leading into the fire-space above the line of intended ignition and provided with means (as D) for closing it, all substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname, in presence of two witnesses, this 18th day of May, 1896.

E. F. El) GAR.

W'itnesses:

CHARLES L. WRIGHT, A. G. N. V ERMILYA. 

